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UTILITY
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BANG1.ARJ
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1992-03-07
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+ALL
+Introduction
Program:
! (BANG !) version 3.1
(C) Copyright 1988-92 PC TECHniques/William J. Claff.
All rights reserved.
-Introduction
+Purpose
.Smajor
Purpose:
To provide a variety of powerful and flexible hard-disk management
functions. These functions are provided in one utility with a consistent
command syntax and options.
-Purpose
+Overview
.Smajor
Overview:
! is an information utility designed especially for hard-disk users.
It provides enhanced versions of the following DOS commands:
CHKDSK
DIR
TREE
The enhancements include:
The ability to search across several or all disk drives.
Optional file selection criteria such as date or size.
Optional sorting by any field.
Optional arbitrary formatting of the output lines.
Optional execution of the formatted output lines.
CHKDSK of network drives.
/P (pause) option supports any number of screen lines.
/W (wide) option supports any number of screen columns.
There are also several additional commands:
DUP List only filenames that occur more than once.
DUPCMD List only commands occuring multiple time on the PATH.
FREE An abbreviated CHKDSK showing total and free space.
LABEL List volume label(s).
LS Similar to DIR. Alphabetical list of filenames only.
UNIQUE List only filenames that occur once.
WHERE Similar to DIR but also searches subdirectories.
-Overview
+ShareWare
.Smajor
ShareWare:
This program is copyrighted material being distributed as ShareWare.
ShareWare gives you an opportunity to evaluate software before buying.
If you use it beyond a reasonable evaluation period you should register.
Registered users receive a copy of the latest release, additional
documentation, telephone support, update notification and minor releases
at cost.
+Registering
.Sminor
Registering:
To register send your payment of $30 to:
William J. Claff
7 Roberts Road
Wellesley, MA 02181
Massachusetts residents add 5% sales tax.
Boston Computer Society members deduct 10% before tax if any.
Write for details on volume discounts and site licenses.
For your convenience there is an order form in the file named order. To
print the form use the DOS command:
copy order prn
If your printer is not attached to prn substitute the appropriate
device. For example, LPT2.
-Registering
+Distributing
.Sminor
Distributing:
Individuals and ShareWare libraries are encouraged to copy and
distribute this program with the following restrictions:
* All files are distributed together and no file is modified.
* Only a customary and usual copying fee may be charged.
* The label indicates that the diskette contains copyrighted material.
* There is no representation that the software is free or in the
public domain.
-Distributing
+Warranty
.Sminor
Warranty:
This program is provided on an 'as-is' basis. No warranty is expressed
or implied. We are not responsible for any direct or consequential
damages due to incorrect operation.
-Warranty
-Shareware
+Syntax
.Smajor
Syntax:
! SUBCOMMAND SEARCH SELECT SORT FORMAT OPTION
No parameters are required. If you provide a SUBCOMMAND, it must be the
first parameter. The other parameters can be in any order you choose.
-Syntax
+SUBCOMMAND
.Smajor
SUBCOMMAND:
The following SUBCOMMANDs are available:
CHKDSK Similar to DOS CHKDSK.
DIR Similar to DOS DIR.
DUP List only filenames that occur more than once.
DUPCMD List only commands occuring multiple time on the PATH.
FREE An abbreviated CHKDSK showing total and free space.
LABEL List volume label(s).
LS Similar to DIR. Alphabetical list of filenames only.
TREE Similar to DOS TREE.
UNIQUE List only filenames that occur once.
WHERE Similar to DIR but also searches subdirectories.
If no SUBCOMMAND is provided, the default SUBCOMMAND is DIR.
-SUBCOMMAND
+SEARCH
.Smajor
SEARCH:
The SEARCH specification indicates which files to get from DOS.
SEARCH is similar to a DOS file specification. SEARCH has three parts:
SEARCH-DRIVE or SEARCH-NETWORK, SEARCH-DIRECTORY and SEARCH-FILENAME. The
combination of drive and directory is also known as a path.
The components of a SEARCH specification is easiest to explain some
examples:
C:\DOC\RESUME.TXT
\\SERVER\WORK\DOC\RESUME.TXT
In the first example:
SEARCH-DRIVE is C:
SEARCH-DIRECTORY is \DOC\
SEARCH-FILENAME is RESUME.TXT
C:\DOC\ is the path.
In the second example:
SEARCH-NETWORK is \\SERVER\WORK
SEARCH-DIRECTORY is \DOC\
SEARCH-FILENAME is RESUME.TXT
\\SERVER\WORK\DOC\ is the path.
+SEARCH-DRIVE
.Sminor
SEARCH-DRIVE:
The SEARCH-DRIVE is a letter followed by a colon ':'. Multiple drive
letters separated by colons ':' are allowed. A star '*' indicates an
automatic search for all hard-disks. Some examples of SEARCH-DRIVE are:
C: The C drive
C:D: The C and D drives
*: All hard-disk drives
?: All network drives
If the automatic search does not produce the desired results, you can
change the meaning of *: with the !.* environment variable. Suppose your
hard-disks are c: and d: and you have a ram-disk that looks like a
hard-disk as e:. If you don't want e: searched automatically, put the
following line in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file:
set !.*=CD
The meaning of ?: can be overridden in the same fashion using the !.?
environment variable.
-SEARCH-DRIVE
+SEARCH-NETWORK
.Sminor
SEARCH-NETWORK:
SEARCH-NETWORK is two backslashes '\\' followed by a machine name,
a single backslash '\' and a resource name. If the SEARCH specification
is only a SEARCH-NETWORK then the resource name and single backslash are
not required. Some examples of SEARCH-NETWORK are:
\\SUN The machine named SUN.
\\SUN\DOSAPPS The resource named DOSAPPS on the machine named SUN.
The behavior of the SEARCH-NETWORK specification depends upon the
implementation of the network redirector for your network and version of
DOS. If you are logged on to a machine named SUN you can see all of the
resources with the command:
! \\SUN
Whether you have sufficient access rights to use the resource(s) or view
their contents is another matter. Assuming that DOSAPPS appeared as one
of the resources of SUN you could use a variety of SUBCOMMANDS to explore
DOSAPPS. For example:
! \\SUN\DOSAPPS
! TREE \\SUN\DOSAPPS
! WHERE \\SUN\DOSAPPS\*.EXE
-SEARCH-NETWORK
+SEARCH-DIRECTORY
.Sminor
SEARCH-DIRECTORY:
SEARCH-DIRECTORY starts with a backslash '\', dot '.' or dot-dot '..'.
\ indicates starting at the root directory.
. indicates starting at the current directory.
.. indicates starting at the parent directory.
The SEARCH-DIRECTORY ends at the rightmost backslash '\' unless the
filename to the right is a subdirectory. For the example:
c:\wp\doc
SEARCH-DIRECTORY is \wp\doc\ if doc is a subdirectory of \wp\ otherwise
SEARCH-DIRECTORY is \wp\
Because DOS makes this distinction for us it is common practice to omit
the last backslash of directory names in DOS commands.
-directory
+SEARCH-FILENAME
.Sminor
SEARCH-FILENAME:
SEARCH-FILENAME has the same syntax as a DOS filename. Some examples
are:
resume.txt
*.txt
88???31.txt
The part to the left of the dot '.' is called the name. The part to the
right of the dot is the extension. Together they form the filename.
The star '*' and question-mark '?' are called wild-cards. The star
expands out to as many question-marks as are needed to complete the name
or extension. So in the above example *.txt expands to ????????.txt.
A question-mark matches any single character including trailing spaces.
-filename
+defaults
.Sminor
When any portion of the SEARCH specification is missing, a default value
is used. The defaults depend on the SUBCOMMAND and can be summarized:
SUBCOMMAND default drive default directory default filename
---------- -------------- ----------------- ----------------
CHKDSK current drive does not apply does not apply
DIR current drive current directory *.*
DUP all hard-disks root directory *.*
DUPCMD does not apply does not apply does not apply
FREE current drive does not apply does not apply
LABEL current drive does not apply does not apply
LS current drive current directory *.*
TREE current drive root directory does not apply
UNIQUE current drive root directory *.*
WHERE all hard-disks root directory *.*
Multiple SEARCH specifications are allowed.
DUPCMD uses PATH to determine all SEARCH criteria.
SEARCH specifications for DIR and LS must all be from the same path.
UNIQUE requires exactly two SEARCH specifications.
-defaults
-SEARCH
+SELECT
.Smajor
SELECT:
SELECT lets you further restrict the files returned by SEARCH.
The syntax for SELECT expressions is:
(SELECT-FIELD.SELECT-COMPARE.SELECT-VALUE)
For example to get only files with today's date use:
($D.eq.TODAY)
In this example the SELECT-FIELD is $D, the SELECT-COMPARE is eq,
and the SELECT-VALUE is TODAY.
Use '.and.' and '.or.' to combine SELECT expressions. Parentheses can
also be used to group combinations since in ungrouped combinations
'.and.' is done before '.or.'. For example:
(($S.eq.0).or.($S.gt.10000)).and.($D.eq.TODAY)
This selects files with today's date and either a size of 0 bytes or a
size greater than 10000 bytes.
Only one SELECT expression is allowed.
+SELECT-FIELD
.Sminor
The SELECT-FIELDs are:
SELECT-FIELD description
------------ -----------
$U drive letter or Unit
$N fileName without extension
$E filename Extension
$F entire Filename
$S file Size in bytes
$D Date of last modification
$T Time of last modification
$A Attribute
-SELECT-FIELD
+SELECT-COMPARE
.Sminor
The SELECT-COMPAREs for SELECT-FIELDs other than $A are:
SELECT-COMPARE description
-------------- -----------
EQ EQual
GE Greater than or Equal
GT Greater Than
LE Less than or Equal
LT Less Than
NE Not Equal
The SELECT-COMPAREs for SELECT-FIELDs $A are:
SELECT-COMPARE description
-------------- -----------
IS Has all of the attributes
ISNT Does not have all of the attributes
-SELECT-COMPARE
+SELECT-VALUE
.Sminor
SELECT-VALUEs depend on the SELECT-FIELD.
$U, $N, $E and $F require an appropriate string of characters. Wild-cards
are not allowed.
$S requires a number.
$D requires a date in the form yymmmdd. (eg. 88Jul28)
The special values TODAY and TODAY-n (where n is a number of days) is
allowed.
$T requires a time in the form hh, hh:mm or hh:mm:ss where hh is hours
(00 to 23), mm is minutes (00 to 59) and ss is seconds (00 to 59). For
example, 13:30 is 1:30pm. Note, DOS only stores times as an even number
of seconds so 13:30:31 is interpreted as 13:30:30.
$A requires a one to four letter code consisting of:
$A CODE description
------- -----------
R Read-only
H Hidden
S System
A Archive
-SELECT-VALUE
-SELECT
+SORT
.Smajor
SORT:
SORT indicates the sort order of the output. Two examples are:
+f Sort output by filename
+s Sort output by file size
The plus '+' indicates an ascending sort. 'f' stands for filename and
's' stands for file size. For a complete list see the SORT-FIELDs table
below.
Multiple SORT-OPTIONs are allowed. SORT-OPTIONs can be run together or
separated by white-space.
Each SORT is a SORT-ORDER immediately followed by a SORT-FIELD. The
SORT-ORDER (usually a '+') is required for each SORT-FIELD.
+SORT-ORDER
.Sminor
Use '+' for ascending and '-' for descending SORT-ORDER.
-SORT-ORDER
+SORT-FIELD
.Sminor
The SORT-FIELDS are:
SORT-FIELD description
---------- -----------
U drive letter or Unit
P full Path including drive letter
N fileName without extension
E filename Extension
F entire Filename
S file Size in bytes
D Date of last modification
T Time of last modification
M date and time of last Modification
-SORT-FIELD
-SORT
+FORMAT
.Smajor
FORMAT:
FORMAT gives you control over what the output looks like. For example:
"$N$E size=$S"
lists only the name, extension and size of each file. It also puts the
string ' size=' between the extension and size.
The FORMAT specification must be in quotes. Each output line uses the
FORMAT string as a template. Each '$' in the FORMAT string marks a
2-character FORMAT-FIELD. The replacements for the FORMAT-FIELDs are:
+FORMAT-FIELD
.Sminor
FORMAT-FIELD description
------------ -----------
$U drive or Unit letter
$P full Path including drive letter and '\'
$I dIrectory including '\' but not the drive letter
$N fileName without extension
$E filename Extension
$F entire Filename
$S file Size in bytes
$D Date of last modification
$T Time of last modification
$M date and time of last Modification
$A file Attributes
$$ dollar sign '$'
$B vertical Bar '|'
$C Closing square bracket ']'
$G Greater than sign '>'
$L Less than sign '<'
$O Opening square bracket '['
$Q eQual sign '='
$R carriage Return
$S has leading spaces, making it 8 characters long.
-FORMAT-FIELD
+FORMAT-FORMAT
.Sminor
Certain fields can be followed by a FORMAT-FORMAT. A FORMAT-FORMAT is
enclosed by square brackets.
$P and $I can be followed by a FORMAT-FORMAT with either a '+' or a '-'
between the square brackets. This controls whether the path will have a
trailing backslash ('\'). A plus ('+') indicates a trailing backslash and
a minus ('-') indicates no trailing backslash. The default is to include
the trailing backslash.
$N and $E can be followed by a FORMAT-FORMAT of the form [w] where w is
the desired width of the field. If w is negative the result is left
justified. For example, the FORMAT-FORMAT for a DOS DIR style output
line would contain:
$N[-8] $E[-3]
$D can be followed by a FORMAT-FORMAT where certain groups of characters
have special meanings. Examples of these meanings can be summarized:
Code Example Description
---- ------- -----------
d 1 Day
dd 01 Day with leading zero if necessary
ddd Mon Three letter day of week
dddd Monday Day of week
m 1 Month
mm 01 Month with leading zero if necessary
mmm Mar Three letter month
mmmm March Month
yy 89 Two digit year
yyyy 1989 Year
Examples of FORMAT-FORMAT for dates include:
$D[dddd mmmm d, yyyy] Sunday July 22, 1989
$D[mm-dd-yy] 07-22-89
$T can be followed by a FORMAT-FORMAT where certain groups of characters
have special meanings. Examples of these meanings can be summarized:
Code Example Description
---- ------- -----------
h 1 Hour
hh 01 Hour with leading zero if necessary
m 1 Minute
mm 01 Minute with leading zero if necessary
s 1 Seconds
ss 01 Seconds with leading zero if necessary
i a One character AM or PM indicator
ii am Two character AM or PM indicator
The leading character of the i code affects the case of the indicator.
Hours are treated as military time unless the an i code is present.
Examples if FORMAT-FORMAT for times include:
$T[hh:mm:ss] 23:40:18
$T[hh:mm II] 11:40 PM
-FORMAT-FORMAT
-FORMAT
+OPTION
.Smajor
OPTION:
OPTIONs are miscellaneous switches. Each OPTION begins with a slash '/'.
The OPTIONs are:
OPTION description
------ -----------
/? Help
/E Execute with Verification (short for /EV)
/EL Execute and List (list each line)
/EQ Execute Quietly (do not list lines)
/EV Execute with Verification
/P Pause when screen fills
/V Verbose (show interpretation of parameters)
/VV Verbose with Verification (confirm before continuing)
/W Wide (list across width of the screen)
/WP WordPerfect (restrict to WordPerfect files)
+Help
.Sminor
Help:
The help option (/?) is used to view or print the online documentation.
You can obtain online documentation on any topic by entering:
! /?topic
where topic is one of the section names in the online documentation.
To produce a list of the section names in outline form use the command:
! /??
The special section name ALL is used to refer to the entire manual.
To print the entire manual use the command:
! /?ALL > prn
This command uses DOS redirection to send the output to the device prn.
If the printer is not attached to prn substitute the appropriate device.
To viewing help on the screen it is not necessary to use the /P option.
/? automatically does a /P for you UNLESS you are redirecting output.
-Help
+Execute
.Sminor
Execute
The execute options (/E,/EL,/EQ,/EV) allow you to execute the output as
DOS commands.
The execute option is always used in conjunction with FORMAT.
To delete all of the .bak files on all hard-disks, use the command:
! WHERE *.bak "del $p$f" /EL
/EL means that each line will be listed on the screen before it is done.
If /EQ were used the lines would not be listed as they execute. The
option /EV will prompt for verification (yes or no) before executing the
line. This way you could selectively delete the .bak files.
*************************************************************************
* Use the /E options with care! It is a good idea to use /VV with them. *
*************************************************************************
Another way of deleting all of the files on all hard-disks would be to
have ! WHERE make a batch file and then to execute the batch file. For
example:
! WHERE *.bak "echo del $p$f $g$g clean.bat" /EL
clean
Since $g stands for '>' the FORMAT is "echo del $p$f >> clean.bat". This
technique is useful for making batch files that will be used repeatedly.
Another reason to use this method is if the FORMAT cannot be executed
from within ! because there is not enough memory.
Note that multiple commands can be executed by using the $R FORMAT-FIELD.
Also, commands executed by ! must not consume any memory. Typically the
only way this can happen is with the PRINT command. The first time you
run PRINT it installs a resident portion to handle the spooling. If you
want to use PRINT simply put the line:
PRINT /d:prn
in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. If your printer is not attached to prn then
substitute the appropriate device.
-Execute
+Pause
.Sminor
Pause:
The pause option (/P) prompts for continuation each time the screen is
full. This gives you the opportunity to read the information before it
scrolls off the top of the screen.
/P knows about many kinds of displays with various numbers of lines per
screen. If /P incorrectly determines the number of lines on your screen
simply follow the /P option with the correct number of lines. If you
have a 70 line screen that is not recognized properly you would use the
option:
/P70
This syntax is also used to indicate the number of lines per page on the
printer if you are redirecting the help output. The default number of
lines per page is 60. To send help to a printer with 88 lines per page
use the command:
! /?ALL /P88 > prn
-Pause
+Verbose
.Sminor
Verbose:
The verbose options (/V,/VV) help you verify that your parameters are
correct. When the verbose option is set the program shows on the screen
how it has interpreted the parameters. The /VV option will also prompt
for verification (yes or no) before continuing.
-Verbose
+Wide
.Sminor
Wide:
The wide option (/W) helps you get more information on your screen. /W
puts as much information on each line as it can before going to the next
line. /W can only be used when the FORMAT specifies a fixed length
output. This restriction ensures that the columns will line up.
/W knows about many kinds of displays with various numbers of columns
per line. If /W incorrectly determines the number of columns on your
screen simply follow the /W option with the correct number of columns.
If you have a 132 column screen that is not properly recognized you
would use the option:
/W132
This syntax is also used to indicate the number of columns per line on
your printer if you are redirecting the output. To send a Wide DIRectory
to a printer with 120 columns per line use the command:
! DIR /W120 > prn
-Wide
+WordPerfect
.Sminor
WordPerfect:
The WordPerfect option (/WP) restricts the selected files to WordPerfect
Corporation files.
/WP only recognizes the new WordPerfect Corporation file formats. It
does not, for example, recognize WordPerfect 4.2 documents.
To restrict your output to WordPerfect version 5.0 or later documents use
the option:
/WP
To locate all WordPerfect Corporation files use the option:
/WPCORP
You can also locate other specific WordPerfect Corporation files by
using option(s) of the form:
/WPext
where ext is an extension from the WordPerfect Filetypes table below.
For example, to find all dictionary and thesaurus files on a system:
! WHERE /WPLEX /WPTHS
-WordPerfect
+WordPerfect-Filetypes
.SMinor
WordPerfect Filetypes
ext description
--- -------------------------
ALL printer resource
CB Column Block
DRS Display Resource Set
FIL overlay FILe
HYC HYphenation Code module
HYD HYphenation Data module
HYL HYphenation Lex module
INS INStall options
IRS Input (mouse) Resource Set
LEX LEXicon (dictionary)
MRS Macro Resource Set
NB Normal Block
PRS Printer Resource Set
QRS eQuation Resource Set
RB Row Block
RHP RHymer Phonemes
RHW RHymer Words
SET SETup
SPR SPell Rules
SPW SPell Wordlist
THS THeSaurus
WPD WP graphics screen Driver
WPG WP Graphic
WPH Help
WPK Keyboard definition
WPM Macro
-WordPerfect-Filetypes
-OPTION
+Usage
.Smajor
Usage:
+CHKDSK
.Sminor
CHKDSK:
The CHKDSK SUBCOMMAND is similar to the DOS CHKDSK command. For example:
! CHKDSK
displays a table showing the allocation of bytes for the current drive.
Here is something that ! CHKDSK can do that DOS CHKDSK cannot:
! CHKDSK *:
Display a usage table with totals for all hard-disk drives.
Also, ! CHKDSK works for network drives while DOS CHKDSK does not.
Unlike DOS CHKDSK, ! CHKDSK does not take any corrective action when
problems with the File Allocation Table (FAT) are detected. When dealing
with damaged FATs it is best to use an interactive utility which puts
potentially damaging decisions in the hands of the user.
-CHKDSK
+DIR
.Sminor
DIR:
The DIR SUBCOMMAND is similar to the DOS DIR command. For example:
! DIR
lists the directory entries for the current directory.
Note that filenames are displayed in lower-case making them more readily
distiguishable from the upper-case directory names.
Here are some examples of the things ! DIR can do that DOS DIR cannot:
! DIR *.doc *.txt ($D.eq.TODAY) +F
Display .doc and .txt files with today's date alphabetically.
! DIR ($e.ne.bak) "copy $f a:\" /EQ
Copy all files except .bak files to the a: drive without listing or
prompting for verification.
Note, unlike DOS DIR the number of files on the totals line does not
include the subdirectories.
-DIR
+DUP
.Sminor
DUP:
The DUP SUBCOMMAND help you to locate duplicate files. This can help you
recover disk space used by extra copies of files.
The full-blown usage is:
! DUP
This will locate duplicate filenames across all of your hard-disks.
You can check a specific drive. For example:
! DUP c:
Another common usage is:
! DUP a:\*.txt c:\doc\*.txt
This use will locate .txt files which are duplicated on the a: disk and
on the c:\doc\ subdirectory. When using DUP in this way remember that
DUP searches the entire subtree, not just the specified directory.
-DUP
+DUPCMD
.Sminor
DUPCMD:
The DUPCMD SUBCOMMAND help you to locate conflicting commands. DUPCMD
follows the PATH and finds .BAT, .COM and .EXE files with the same name.
Like COMMAND.COM DUPCMD also looks in the current directory in addition
to the PATH.
This subcommand has only one form:
! DUPCMD
-DUPCMD
+FREE
.Sminor
FREE:
The FREE SUBCOMMAND is an abbreviated CHKDSK. For example:
! FREE
displays the total and free bytes for the current drive.
Another typical usage would be:
! FREE *:
which shows the total and free bytes for all hard-disks.
-FREE
+LABEL
.Sminor
LABEL:
The LABEL SUBCOMMAND lists the volume label(s). For example:
! LABEL
displays the label of the current drive.
Another typical usage would be:
! LABEL *:
which shows the volume labels for all hard-disks.
-LABEL
+LS
.Sminor
LS:
The LS SUBCOMMAND is similar to the DOS DIR command. For example:
! LS
lists the directory entries for the current directory. This command
lists only the files and lists them in alphabetical order.
Other examples of ! LS usage include:
! LS *.doc /W
Alphabetical display all .doc files across the screen rather than in a
column.
! LS *.txt +s
Display the .txt files in order by filesize.
-LS
+TREE
.Sminor
TREE:
The TREE SUBCOMMAND is similar to the DOS TREE command. For example:
! TREE
lists the directory paths for the current drive.
Here is something ! TREE can do that DOS TREE cannot:
! TREE *: +p
This command produces a sorted list of all paths on all hard-disks.
Note that for TREE the only SORT allowed is +p or -p.
You can also get subtree listings. For example:
! TREE c:\doc
-TREE
+UNIQUE
.Sminor
UNIQUE:
The UNIQUE SUBCOMMAND help you to determine whether there are filenames
that occur only once between two directories.
Imagine you have a new version of a program on a floppy disk that you
already have installed as c:\program. The command:
! UNIQUE a:\ c:\program
will tell you which files, if any, are only on the floppy or on the
hard-disk.
-UNIQUE
+WHERE
.Sminor
WHERE:
The WHERE SUBCOMMAND locates files. It can operate on all of your
hard-disks or on selected portions of your disks. Some examples of
WHERE usage are:
! WHERE resume.txt
locates all copies of resume.txt across all hard-disks.
! WHERE c:d:\*.txt e:\doc\*.txt +F
produces a sorted list of the .txt files on the c: drive, d: drive and
in the \doc\ directory tree of e:.
! WHERE *.bak "del $p$f" /EL
Deletes all of the .bak files on all hard-disks. It lists the lines as
it executes them but does not prompt for verification.
-WHERE
-Usage
+Limitations
.Smajor
+DOS2
DOS2:
Under DOS 2.0, if you rename the program or if the program is not on the
PATH, you will not be able to locate the help file.
-DOS2
+Sorting
Sorting:
The maximum number of files that can be sorted is determined by the
amount of free memory. On 640K systems the limit is approximately 14000
files. When +P or -P is the first SORT-FIELD, the files are sorted on a
per directory basis.
-Sorting
+Switchar
Switchar:
! Bang uses the DOS SWITCHAR to determine which letter to use as the
leading letter of options. If you have set SWITCHAR to '-' (in order to
use '/' in filenames) you will not be able to specify decending sorts.
-Switchar
+TSRs
TSRs:
It is unwise to execute any Terminate and Stay Resident programs (TSR)
from within any program, including !. If you execute any TSR from ! you
will get the error message:
Fatal Error in MemRestoreHuge
when control returns to !. See the section on Execute regarding the DOS
PRINT command.
-TSRs
-Limitations
+Installation
Installation
Copy the contents of the floppy diskette to your hard-disk. Keep the
files together or ! will not be able to locate the help file. Under
DOS 2.x the program must not be renamed and must be on the path to
locate the help file.
-Installation
-ALL